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ÉÏÊй«Ë¾ÎÞÂÛÊÇÔÚ²úÒµ²¢¹º¹ý³ÌÖУ¬»¹ÊÇͨ¹ý½è¿ÇÕûÌåÉÏÊйý³ÌÖУ¬¶¼´æÔÚ±êµÄ×ʲúµÄ¶Ô¶Ä°²ÅÅ¡£ ¸ù¾ÝÖ¤¼à»á×îÐÂÕ÷ÇóÒâ¼û¸å£¬Ö»ÓÐÔÚ½è¿ÇÉÏÊеĹý³ÌÖУ¬²ÅÐèÒª½øÐйÉȨ²¹³¥£¨ÊÕÒæ·¨ÆÀ¹À£©¡£ If the income method evaluation value does not exceed 100% of the book net assets of the underlying assets, share compensation can be exempted . For industrial mergers and acquisitions of listed companies, it is not mandatory to make a VAM arrangement, which is conducive to the negotiation between the two parties.

Why does industrial mergers and acquisitions not necessarily require VAM arrangements? Because if the bet is made, it will be difficult to integrate the acquired assets with the original assets of the listed company. If the bet is made for three years, strict distinction must be made in these three years, and synergy cannot be exerted. This applies such a logic. If I am optimistic about the asset, how much I am willing to pay is determined according to the company's qualification principle. It only needs to be approved by the shareholders' meeting, and there is no need for the outside world, especially the Securities Regulatory Commission, to force share compensation or cash. ²¹³¥¡£

Listed companies have different handling methods for different shareholding ratios in the process of mergers and acquisitions of target assets. More than 50% of the equity is accounted for using the cost method; less than 20% does not constitute a major influence and it is also accounted for using the cost method; 20%-50% of the equity (joint control or significant influence) is accounted for using the equity method.

The issue of income tax will be involved in the process of acquisition of shares by listed companies. Income tax treatment is divided into general tax treatment and special tax treatment according to the 2009 State Administration of Taxation No. 59 document. In the process of designing the plan, we must strive for special tax treatment to achieve the purpose of delaying tax payment.

In accordance with the requirements of the State Administration of Taxation, personal income tax must be paid for personal equity, share swaps, and acquisitions. At present, various provinces, cities and localities have different regulations in this regard. Since only the value-added of individual equity is evaluated, when shares are converted into shares of a listed company, there is no cash income, no cash out, and no other source of cash assets, so it is difficult to pay the current personal income tax. But in the end, personal income tax still needs to be paid, so relevant commitments must be made in the transaction design arrangement.

In the process of industrial mergers and acquisitions, there are generally some core clauses in the design including:

1. Commitment to future performance growth;

2. Cash share payment ratio;

3. Relevant performance compensation;

4. If it involves the original two-way betting is a one-way bet, if the performance is not completed, it will be compensated with shares or cash (in fact, a penalty measure).

Now in many cases, there is a cash reward if the performance is exceeded. In the United States, it can be realized through directional warrants, and it is stipulated that the proportion of rewards should not exceed 20%.

The stock lock-up period requires different lengths, ranging from 12 months to 36 months, including the distribution of mixed profits of the transaction target, the treatment of profit and loss between the audit evaluation base date and the delivery date, etc.

Currently, in the revision of the Administrative Measures for the Acquisition of Listed Companies, some simplifications have been made on the exemption of tender offers.

1. After reaching or exceeding 30% for one year, no more than 20% of crawling acquisitions per 12 months

2. More than 50% of the continued acquisitions

3. Inheritance

4. The issuance of new shares will not be transferred for 3 years, and the shareholders' meeting has obtained the controlling right before the issuance is approved.

The author personally made some comments on the CSRC-listed companies' major asset restructuring draft, the most important of which is that backdoor listing stipulates two conditions. This condition is much less than that in Hong Kong. After 24 months of acquiring a controlling stake in Hong Kong, if its own assets are injected into a listed company, it is not defined as a backdoor listing. I think it is also a distorted concept that the GEM cannot backdoor. If the controlling shareholder of a listed company changes and acquires a GEM company, and the transaction scale of the injected assets reaches 99% of the previous controlling stake in the listed company, this does not constitute a backdoor. After a few years, 2% will be injected into it, according to The calculation method of the cumulative first principle exceeds 100%, which is not allowed, and this situation is an unfair phenomenon for the transaction.

In another case, if the company on the GEM is a pharmaceutical company, and the unlisted pharmaceutical company is injected into the GEM through stock exchange, the company in the same industry should not be excluded just because it is on the GEM and cannot be backdoored. If it qualifies for an IPO, or is equivalent to an IPO, we shouldn't take that as an obstacle.

For example, a GEM company has a pharmaceutical company, and the scale of the pharmaceutical company is smaller than that of a company listed on the main board. If the GEM company initiates the absorption and merger of the listed company on the main board, and finally transfers to the GEM company, this situation constitutes a backdoor. The merger of two listed companies is itself a completely market-oriented merger. If restrictions are strictly followed on the condition that the GEM cannot backdoor, it will affect market-oriented transactions.

According to the overall classification, mergers and acquisitions are divided into: backdoor listing, overall listing, and industrial integration. However, many variants will be designed in this process, so as to design more complex transaction structures. These include how to divest assets in the backdoor listing, whether to arrange supporting financing, whether equity incentives can be arranged simultaneously during the overall listing or industrial integration process, and whether leveraged acquisitions can be carried out externally, including the introduction of supporting financing for mergers and acquisitions, the introduction of mergers and acquisitions loans, and increased leverage. »ñµÃ¡£

I personally made a simple analysis of the market. At present, the market value of the backdoor listed shell companies is very high, and many of them are around 1.5-2 billion. This is because the China Securities Regulatory Commission has restricted the number of IPOs, and the channels have been blocked. Many companies can't wait and want to go public through backdoor listings. The overall number of listings is not as large as before.

A large number of industrial mergers and acquisitions in the market are mainly concentrated in the film and television, mobile game and IT industries. In addition, it also includes some environmental protection, medicine, medical treatment and so on. Why are the film and television and mobile game industries so hot now? The author believes that it has not surpassed the unique phenomenon of China's capital market in the past 20 years. From the Internet bubble in 2000, everyone came online one after another, to the concept of securities companies, banks, real estate, and later gold mines and selenium. In the same vein.

Nowadays, even if many listed companies do not operate cultural media, they can issue shares to purchase assets, and acquire some film and television and media assets, all for the purpose of skyrocketing stock prices. The author believes that the main reason for this phenomenon is not the lack of marketization, and there is no need to set more thresholds to achieve the purpose of governance, but to promote the rationalization of stock prices in China's A-share market through more market-oriented policies. For example, the valuation of film and television and media assets in the United States and Hong Kong is not high, with a price-earnings ratio of less than 10 times. However, due to the relative closure of my country's capital market, insufficient integration of financial markets with foreign countries, and blocked funding channels, domestic listed companies have a lot of hype, and listed companies are flocking to them. Everyone wants to increase the value of their stock prices. Be the first choice.

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